结音转写:修订间差异
外观
无编辑摘要 |
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=== 扩展范畴转写 === | === 扩展范畴转写 === | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | ||
! p !! pʰ !! b !! bʱ !! ɸ !! β !! β̞ !! m | ! p !! pʰ !! b !! bʱ !! ɸ !! β !! β̞ !! m !! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| B || P || BB || PP || PH || BH || W || M | | B || P || BB || PP || PH || BH || W || M || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! pf !! pfʰ !! bv !! bvʱ !! f !! v !! ʋ !! ɱ !! ɱv | ! pf !! pfʰ !! bv !! bvʱ !! f !! v !! ʋ !! ɱ !! ɱv | ||
| 第85行: | 第85行: | ||
| Z || C || ZZ || CC || S || SS || R || NZ || NS | | Z || C || ZZ || CC || S || SS || R || NZ || NS | ||
|- | |- | ||
! ʈ !! ʈʰ !! ɖ !! ɖʱ !! ɭ̊˔ !! ɭ˔ !! ɭ !! ɳ | ! ʈ !! ʈʰ !! ɖ !! ɖʱ !! ɭ̊˔ !! ɭ˔ !! ɭ !! ɳ !! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| DR || TR || DDR || TTR || TLR || DLR || LR || NR | | DR || TR || DDR || TTR || TLR || DLR || LR || NR || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! tʂ !! tʂʰ !! dʐ !! dʐʱ !! ʂ !! ʐ !! ɻ !! !! nʐ | ! tʂ !! tʂʰ !! dʐ !! dʐʱ !! ʂ !! ʐ !! ɻ !! !! nʐ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ZR || CR || ZZR || CCR || SR || SSR || RR || || NSR | | ZR || CR || ZZR || CCR || SR || SSR || RR || || NSR | ||
|- | |- | ||
! c !! cʰ !! ɟ !! ɟʱ !! ç !! ʝ !! j !! ɲ | ! c !! cʰ !! ɟ !! ɟʱ !! ç !! ʝ !! j !! ɲ !! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| GH || KH || GGH || KKH || KHH || GHH || I || NH | | GH || KH || GGH || KKH || KHH || GHH || I || NH || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! tɕ !! tɕʰ !! dʑ !! dʑʱ !! ɕ !! ʑ !! ʑ̞ !! !! nʑ | ! tɕ !! tɕʰ !! dʑ !! dʑʱ !! ɕ !! ʑ !! ʑ̞ !! !! nʑ | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ZH || CH || ZZH || CCH || SH || SSH || RH || || NSH | | ZH || CH || ZZH || CCH || SH || SSH || RH || || NSH | ||
|- | |- | ||
! k !! kʰ !! ɡ !! ɡʱ !! x !! ɣ !! ɰ !! ŋ | ! k !! kʰ !! ɡ !! ɡʱ !! x !! ɣ !! ɰ !! ŋ !! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Q || K || QQ || KK || H || HH || J || NQ | | Q || K || QQ || KK || H || HH || J || NQ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! !! kx !! !! ɡɣ !! !! !! !! ŋɣ | ! !! kx !! !! ɡɣ !! !! !! !! ŋɣ !! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| || KVH || || KKVH || || || || NVH | | || KVH || || KKVH || || || || NVH || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! q !! qʰ !! ɢ !! ɢʱ !! χ !! ʁ !! ʁ̞ !! ɴ | ! q !! qʰ !! ɢ !! ɢʱ !! χ !! ʁ !! ʁ̞ !! ɴ !! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| QQ || KQ || QQQ || KKQ || HQ || HHQ || JQ || NQ | | QQ || KQ || QQQ || KKQ || HQ || HHQ || JQ || NQ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! !! !! !! !! ħ !! ʕ | ! !! !! !! !! ħ !! ʕ !! !! !! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| || || || || HQQ || HHQQ | | || || || || HQQ || HHQQ || || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! ʡ !! !! !! !! ʜ !! ʢ | ! ʡ !! !! !! !! ʜ !! ʢ !! !! !! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| QQ || || || || QQH || QQHH | | QQ || || || || QQH || QQHH || || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! ʔ !! !! !! !! h !! ɦ | ! ʔ !! !! !! !! h !! ɦ !! !! !! | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Q || || || || QH || QHH | | Q || || || || QH || QHH || || || | ||
|} | |} | ||
== 实例 == | == 实例 == | ||
[[分类:书写系统]] | [[分类:书写系统]] | ||
2025年11月7日 (五) 16:19的版本
结音转写(- -, zhéatúm chzuánshó)是一套原希及其音系的扩展所适用的拉丁转写系统。其基于希顶语的实际发音,透过拼读规则的发音音位并一定程度归纳合并、分解以适应扩展音系。创作者为雨音浅夏。使用ASCII内的拉丁字母及连字符"-"构成完整的转写符号集。
该系统设计为音位级转写系统(部分分析与希顶语音系不同,总体上更接近音素),大部分遵循拉丁字母的传统使用习惯并融合部分汉语拼音的表记方式。系统对特定字母进行特殊处理以表示独特的语音功能,整体设计具备无限扩展性,既包含原系希顶语的基础音位表示方法,也涵盖延拓音系中的额外音位表示规则,能够适应希顶语音系在不同发展阶段和变体中的转写需求。
转写体系
原希的转写
| | [p] | | [pʰ] | | [f] | | [ʋ] | | [m] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B- | P- | F- | U- | M- | |||||
| | [t] | | [tʰ] | | [n] | ||||
| D- | T- | N- | |||||||
| | [tw] | | [tʰw] | | [nw] | ||||
| DU- | TU- | NU- | |||||||
| | [ts] | | [tsʰ] | | [s] | | [ɹ] | | [n̻] |
| Z- | C- | S- | R- | NZ- | |||||
| | [tɕ] | | [tɕʰ] | | [ɕ] | | [j] | | [ɲ] |
| ZH- | CH- | SH- | I- | NH- | |||||
| | [k] | | [kʰ] | | [x] | | [ɣ] | | [ŋ] |
| G- | K- | H- | J- | NG- | |||||
| | [kw] | | [kʰw] | | [ŋw] | ||||
| GU- | KU- | NGU- | |||||||
| ! | [*ɣ] | | [j] | | [w] | ü | [ɥ] | ||
| -J- | -I- | -U- | -Y- | ||||||
| | [a] | | [e] | | [o] | ||||
| -A | -E | -O | |||||||
| | [ɯ] | | [i] | | [u] | ||||
| -J | -I | -U | |||||||
| | [æɪ] | | [ɑʊ] | | [eɪ] | | [əʊ] | ||
| -AI | -AU | -EI | -OU | ||||||
| | [æ̃] | | [ɑ̃] | | [ẽ] | | [õ] | ||
| -AN | -AM | -EN | -OM | ||||||
以上转写涵盖了原希中的全部字母、音位。其中,对高元音韵母和介音我们采用偏向于音值的描写方式,对于、、和、、三母同音的情况,我们都用一个字母 I 和 U 表示。
对于呼读音节,我们可不写出亦可照希顶语拼读规则#呼读音节写出。对于一个希顶汉字音中的主音节(或重音音节),可选采用 accent 标注其主元音。音节间可选用 - 分隔音节(分隔所有音节),亦可用 ' 分隔(仅分隔前向最大匹配会得到错误结果的情况)。
特殊的几类处理
扩展范畴转写
| p | pʰ | b | bʱ | ɸ | β | β̞ | m | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | P | BB | PP | PH | BH | W | M | |
| pf | pfʰ | bv | bvʱ | f | v | ʋ | ɱ | ɱv |
| BF | PF | BBF | PPF | F | FF | FW | MF | MVF |
| tθ | tθʰ | dð | dðʱ | θ | ð | ð̞ | n̪ | nð |
| DVTH | TVTH | DDVDH | TTVDH | TH | DH | LH | LN | NVDH |
| t | tʰ | d | dʱ | ɬ | ɮ | l | n | ɫ̃ |
| D | T | DD | TT | TL | DL | L | N | NL |
| ts | tsʰ | dz | dzʱ | s | z | ɹ | n̻ | nz |
| Z | C | ZZ | CC | S | SS | R | NZ | NS |
| ʈ | ʈʰ | ɖ | ɖʱ | ɭ̊˔ | ɭ˔ | ɭ | ɳ | |
| DR | TR | DDR | TTR | TLR | DLR | LR | NR | |
| tʂ | tʂʰ | dʐ | dʐʱ | ʂ | ʐ | ɻ | nʐ | |
| ZR | CR | ZZR | CCR | SR | SSR | RR | NSR | |
| c | cʰ | ɟ | ɟʱ | ç | ʝ | j | ɲ | |
| GH | KH | GGH | KKH | KHH | GHH | I | NH | |
| tɕ | tɕʰ | dʑ | dʑʱ | ɕ | ʑ | ʑ̞ | nʑ | |
| ZH | CH | ZZH | CCH | SH | SSH | RH | NSH | |
| k | kʰ | ɡ | ɡʱ | x | ɣ | ɰ | ŋ | |
| Q | K | KK | H | HH | J | NQ | ||
| kx | ɡɣ | ŋɣ | ||||||
| KVH | KKVH | NVH | ||||||
| q | qʰ | ɢ | ɢʱ | χ | ʁ | ʁ̞ | ɴ | |
| KQ | QQQ | KKQ | HQ | HHQ | JQ | NQ | ||
| ħ | ʕ | |||||||
| HQQ | HHQQ | |||||||
| ʡ | ʜ | ʢ | ||||||
| QQH | QQHH | |||||||
| ʔ | h | ɦ | ||||||
| Q | QH | QHH |